Science

BIGF supplies continuous data sets, directly or indirectly, to many regional and global scale projects and organisations:

• E-GVAP (EUMETNET EIG GNSS water vapour programme) for atmospheric water vapour research.
• EPN (European Permanent Network) for wide ranging applications in regional earth science.
• EPOS (European Plate Observing System) a research infrastructure for solid earth science.
• EuroSea, a Horizon 2020 project, for proof of concept use of GPS reflection measurements for tide gauge levelling.
• IGS (International GNSS Service) for wide ranging applications in global earth science.
• Met Office for near-real-time integrated water vapour estimation as input to weather forecasting, and in space weather forecasting.
• NICT (National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan) for the construction of 2D maps of total electron content over Europe.
• Royal Observatory of Belgium for densification of European permanent GNSS network for ionospheric studies.
• SONEL (Systéme d'Observation du Niveau des Eaux Littorales) for global absolute sea level trends.

and here are recent examples of other BIGF-supported research projects:

• Assessment of the calcareous fen habitat of Crymlyn Bog, and many other SACs (Special Areas of Conservation).
• Cirrus climatology from ground-based remote sensing.
• Densification of the European Permanent GNSS Network for ionospheric studies.
• European scale velocity field from permanent GNSS data.
• MarRINAV (Maritime Resilience and Integrity of Navigation) to consider the navigation and integrity provision of EGNOS (existing and incoming v2 and v3) in comparison with DGPS beacons deployed by GLA.
• Metrology for Earth Observation and Climate (MetEOC).
• North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment (NAWDEX).
• PROTection of European Cultural HEritage from GeO-hazards (PROTHEGO) - Derwent Valley site.
• Reconciling geodetic and geologic estimates of coastal vertical land motion, part of IGCP project 639 'Sea level change from minutes to Millennia'.
• SwathSense, an ESA/NASA funded project to fly NCEO and NASA JPL instruments over different environments in an aircraft with a range of view angles. Data processing as part of NEODAAS.
• The creation of a map of current vertical land movements in the UK, based on absolute gravity and CGPS.
• The application of drones to detect and monitor invasive plant species.
• UK Magnetic Survey.

and resultant refereed papers and PhD theses utilising BIGF products, where LTT = Long Term Trend and NRT = Near Real Time:

• Level 3 product – LTT and map of station velocities
  Agarwal, V., Kumar, A., L. Gomes, R., Marsh, S. Monitoring of ground movement and groundwater changes in London using InSAR and GRACE. Applied Sciences, Vol.10, No 23, 8599, doi:10.3390/app10238599, 2020.
• Level 3 product - LTT station velocities
  Environmental baseline monitoring for shale-gas development: Insights for monitoring ground motion using InSAR analysis. Science of The Total Environment, Vol.696, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134075, 2019.
• Level 1 product - LTT tropospheric parameters
  Halo ratio from ground-based all-sky imaging.
  Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, No.12, pp.1295-1309, doi:10.5194/amt-12-1295-2019, 2019.
• Level 2 product - LTT station coordinates
  Long-term peatland condition assessment via surface motion monitoring using the ISBAS DInSAR technique. PhD thesis. University of Nottingham, 2019.
• Level 2 product - LTT station coordinates
  Assessing the feasibility of a national InSAR Ground deformation map of Great Britain with Sentinel-1.
  Geosciences, 7(2), 19; doi:10.3390/geosciences7020019, 2017.
• Level 1 product - LTT tropospheric parameters
  Cirrus occurrence and properties determined from ground-based remote sensing.
  PhD thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2019.

and finally a selection of resultant refereed papers using BIGF RINEX data full listing:

• An enhanced integrated water vapour dataset from more than 10 000 global ground-based GPS stations in 2020. Earth System Data Science, Vol.15, Issue, 2, doi:10.5194/essd-15-723-2023, 2023.
• A new European service to share GNSS Data and Products. Annals of Geophysics, 65, 3,DM317, doi:10.4401/ag/8776, 2022.
• Atmospheric waves and global seismo-acoustic observations of the January 2022 Hunga eruption, Tonga. Science, Vol.377, No.6601, doi:10.1126/science.abo706, 2022.
• IWV retrieval from ground GNSS receivers during NAWDEX Adv. Geosci., 55, 13-22, doi:10.5194/adgeo-55-13-2021, 2021.
• Reconciling global mean and regional sea level change in projections and observations. Nature Communications, 12:990, doi:10.1038/s41, 2021.
• A warning against over-interpretation of seasonal signals measured by the Global Navigation Satellite System. Nature Communications, 11. Art. No.1375, March 2020.
• SNR-based GNSS reflectometry for coastal sea-level altimetry: results from the first IAG inter-comparison campaign. Journal of Geodesy, Vol.94, doi:10.1007/s00190-020-01387-3, July 2020.
• State of the UK climate 2019. International Journal of Climatology, Vol.140, Supplement 1, Special Issue SI,doi:10.1002/joc.6726, July 2020.
• Vertical land motion from present‐day deglaciation in the wider Arctic. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol.47, Issue 19, doi:10.1029/2020GL088144, September 2020.
• Correcting GPS measurements for non-tidal loading. GPS Solutions, 24, doi:0.1007/s10291-020-0959-3, February 2020.
• On the assessment of the temporal evolution of global terrestrial reference frames: The VEDA approach. Acta Geodyn, Geomater, Vol.16, No.1 (193), pp.85-97, doi:10.13168/AGG.2019.0007, 2019.
• Environmental baseline monitoring for shale-gas development: Insights for monitoring ground motion using InSAR analysis. Science of The Total Environment, Vol.696, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134075, 15 December 2019.
• Estimation of ground-based GNSS Zenith Total Delay temporal observation error correlations using data from the NOAA and E-GVAP networks. Quarterly Journal of The Royal Meteorological Society, No.145, pp.513-529, doi:10.1002/qj.3448, January 2019.
• An assessment of ground-based GNSS zenith total delay observation errors and their correlations using the Met Office UKV model.
  Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society (early online version), doi:10.1002/qj.3097, August 2017.
• Tropospheric delays in ground-based GNSS multipath reflectometry - experimental evidence from coastal sites.
  Journal of Geophysical Research - Solid Earth, doi:10.1002/2016JB013612, March 2017.
• Earthquake rate and magnitude distributions of great earthquakes for use in global forecasts.
  Geophysical Journal International, Vol.206 (1), pp.630-643, doi:10.1093/gji/ggw161, 2016.
• Assessing the impact of vertical land motion on twentieth century global mean sea level estimates.
  Journal of Geophysical Research, V.121, Issue 7, pp.4980-4993, doi:10.1002/2016JC011747, 2016.
• Unabated global mean sea-level rise over the satellite altimeter era.
  Nature Climate Change, Vol.5, pp.565–568, doi:10.1038/nclimate2635, 2015.
• The diffuse plate boundary of Nubia and Iberia in the Western Mediterranean: crustal deformation evidence for viscous coupling and fragmented lithosphere.
  Earth and Planetary Science Letters, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.08.040, November 2015.
• State-space modelling of the drivers of movement behaviour in sympatric species,.
  PLoS One, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142707, November 2015.
• A geodetic plate motion and global strain rate model.
  G3 - Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, doi:10.1002/2014GC005407, available online August 2014.
• Characteristics of cold pools observed in narrow valleys and dependence on external conditions. [Limited access].
  Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Volume 140, Issue 679, Part B, pp.715–728, doi:10.1002/qj.2159, January 2014.
• GPS observations of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances over Europe.
  Annales Geophysicae, doi:10.5194/angeo-31-163-2013, 2013.
• Accelerating uplift in the North Atlantic region as an indicator of ice loss.
  Nature Geoscience, doi:10.1038/NGEO845, 2010.